Response of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings to different replacement levels of fish meal with soybean meal using garlic and onion

Response of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings to
different replacement levels of fish meal with soybean meal using
garlic and onion
EJAR
H.A. Mabrouk
1
, Eman M. H. Labib
2
and M.A. Zaki
3
1
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Anfoushy-Quet-Bay,
Alexandria, Egypt. Tel.: (+966) 4684019 / Mobile: 0567599094
E-Mail: [email protected]
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh 11468, P.O.Box 34321
2 Animal Production Research InStitute, Agriculture research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. 3 Animal and Fish Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt.
Received 28th August 2011, Accepted 4th September 2011
Abstract
Twelve experimental diets were formulated to contain 35% crude protein and 429.93 Kcal gross energy 100g-1
in order to study the effects of replacement levels of dietary fish meal with soybean meal using garlic and onion on
growth performance, feed utilization and whole body composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) mono-sex
fingerlings. Three groups of diets according to replacement levels of fish meal with soybean meal were processed:
group 1 (G1) consists of: 25% fish meal (FM) + 75% soybean meal (SBM); group 2 (G2): 50% FM + 50% SBM and
group 3 (G3): 75% FM + 25% SBM. Each group included four treatments according to garlic and onion level: a)
three experimental treatments considered as negative control diets (without garlic or onion: D1, D5, D9), b) three
experimental treatments supplemented with 4% garlic (D2, D6, D10) c) three experimental treatments supplemented
with 6% onion (D3, D7, D11) and d) three experimental treatments supplemented with 10% mixture (4% garlic and
6% onion: D4, D8, D12). Fish were reared in thirty six glass aquaria for 84 days, triplicate per treatment. Ten
fingerlings of tilapia were placed per each aquarium with an average initial weight of 3.12 ± 0.3 g/fish. The results
showed that the best growth performance values and feed utilization were significantly (P<0.05) realized with fingerlings fed diets containing of 50% FM + 50% SBM (G2). Addition of 10% mixture of garlic and onion (D8) was significantly (P<0.05) increased growth performance and feed utilization rather than solitary addition. Fingerlings fed either D8 diets realized the higher values for protein efficiency ratio (PER), protein productive value (PPV %), energy utilization (EU %) and the best feed conversion ratio (FCR). The results indicate that the diet contain of 50% FM + 50% SBM with 10% mixture of garlic and onion for 84 days had enhanced growth performance, diet utilization efficiency Nile tilapia mono-sex fingerlings. Keywords: fish meal, soybean meal, garlic, onion, Nile tilapia, chemical composition.